The kidneys perform many important functions:
1. Removal of Waste Products
Kidneys remove:
Urea
Creatinine
Toxins
Drugs and chemicals
2. Maintain Water Balance
Kidneys regulate the amount of water in the body and prevent dehydration or fluid overload.
3. Control Blood Pressure
Kidneys help regulate blood pressure through hormones and salt balance.
4. Maintain Electrolyte Balance
They maintain normal levels of:
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Phosphorus
5. Maintain Acid-Base Balance
Kidneys keep the blood pH within a healthy range.
6. Produce Hormones
Kidneys produce important hormones such as:
Erythropoietin
Helps in the formation of red blood cells.
Renin
Helps control blood pressure.
Active Vitamin D
Maintains bone health and calcium balance.
7. Support Bone Health
Healthy kidneys activate vitamin D and maintain calcium-phosphorus balance, which is essential for strong bones.
