The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs that are part of the urinary system. Their main job is to filter blood and remove waste products and excess water from the body through urine.
A healthy person usually has two kidneys, although some people can live normally with one healthy kidney.
Structure of the Kidneys
Size of the Kidneys
Each kidney is approximately:
10–12 cm long
5–7 cm wide
3 cm thick
Weighs about 120–150 grams in adults
The size may vary slightly depending on age, gender, and body size.
Shape of the Kidneys
The kidneys have a bean-like shape with:
A smooth outer surface
A curved outer border
An inner border where blood vessels and the ureter enter and leave the kidney
Location of the Kidneys
The kidneys are located:
In the back part of the abdomen
On either side of the spine
Just below the rib cage
The right kidney is usually slightly lower than the left because of the liver.
